=gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg=
=                              =
=          0,z"o4 #a           =
=      fz`!. %e&,te],s #5      =
=                              =
=777777777777777777777777777777=


  iu,] ^aa j3>7-,].s,ob"o" `]$7
  ,\tside ! ,hanyang ,c;y 
,wall-,se;gjeosimni1 ,gye;ggang











         ,s&:al^ae&`v3



























------------------------------#e
    iu,] ^aa j3>7" ,].s,ob"o
    ,se;gjeosimni3 ,! #aj-li 
,radius ,\tside ! ,c;y ,walls

  ,'>aiu ,r7">a,'
------------------------------#f
    ;8iri=:.oiu02 .m7 
"8`].uu^miu01
  #ahef--#ahgb c*_/`o5.]ju 
8'#ahjd--#ahff,0_/^ue&
  `o5.]ju$ `["q ;8iri=:.oiu02n 
,o1": o/cz j3>7`v ,].s,ob"o .oiu
  `o5.]ju$ e3iz #bb;sbw exd3^( 
;8iri=:.oiu02n ,m"xiy3 j3>7w 
.oiuoi4 j3>7w jr7.]`m:aq #e^m 
.);n"! `["q _s["u" j3>7! i&"s,l3
l3.&`o" `r;)`v j5,`n iu"ue7,$.o 
.,nj`n `[":.: o/i4 ,iuj3 iu,] 
^aa .o:a`v j3$7^*w du`mv c"miu 
jvaqiy3i4 crll3! ^o"u'j<: 
l5$al3" j3$7" .m7"<7;)" c3.oiu 
i[7o .oiun d+,oiys o/i4

  ,'l.q ,r7">a"1 iri=:.oiu,'
#e       %e&,te],s #e`p3      #a
------------------------------#g
  ,detail$ ,map ( ! ,capital1 
,hanyang1 f ,map ( ! ,grt ,ea/
  #ahef`9#ahgb_/,kim ,je;g-ho 
"<#ahjd`9#ahff">_/,tr1sure
  ,a map ( ,hanyang & #aj-li 
"<#ekm4"> ,radius ,\tside ! ,c;y
,w t 0 9clud$ 9 .7,da$;gyeojido 
"<,map ( ! ,grt ,ea/">.' by ,kim
,je;g-ho
  ,? map ( ,hanyang 0 9clud$ 9 
,kim ,je;g-ho's ,da$;gyeojido 
"<,map ( ! ,grt ,ea/">4 ,! map 
depicts ! five adm9i/rative 
4tricts ( ,hanyang1 al;g ) 
detail$ draw+s ( ! m.ta9 ranges1
/r1ms & road net"ws surr.d+ ! 
c;y4 ,ports & docks c al 2 se5 
al;g ! ,hangang ,riv] banks 
\tside ! capital4 ,"s ( ! 
notable >1s f1tur$ on ! map >e !
f\r 9n] m.ta9s1 ,samgaksan 
,m.ta91 ! ,hangang ,riv]1 
,jungnang*eon ,/r1m & ,nanjido 
,isl&4

  ,'`["o5 ,r7">a"1 j3$7w c"mv 
%a"u,'
-------------------------#h--#aa
  ,'l.q ,r7">a"1 ;8iri=:.oiu02 
.m7 "8`].uu^miu01,'
-----------------------------#ab
    exeq,o5,s
  #ai,n`o_/.]>a+78'#agfb-- 
#ahcf,0
  .u,)jm`o j3>7["u h=jcz .)`ma 
iu"uv ,].s,ob"ow l7sb ^1i1 cr+7!
,m"xj3 .]>a+7w .s,s
  exeq`v3o .of:> j1 .o;o5n irjr 
c(j3 .u,)jm`o ,o1ja. .]>a+7w 
.s,soi4 "8`=.)01 ,8iu"u0'.un 
iu"u .niu eo2 .]^on irj3 cr+7o 
,s,&iys o/czin" o $gin /"u^mhs 
euiz iu"u$ ,miu"! .m7,o5["u 
,t`/iys/icz `o"xo o/i4 <&"s iu,]
^aa l7sb`=$3w ^),]j3 l7jv7iu 
,s,&iys o/i4

  ,'l.q ,r7">a"1 exeq,o5,s,'
-----------------------------#ac
    ,admoni;ns on ,gov]n+ ! ,p
a#g      %e&,te],s #e`p3      #c
  #aith ,c5tury_/,je;g ,yak-y;g 
"<#agfb`9#ahcf">
  ,a book |tl9+ all ! roads acr 
! c.try t l1d to ,hanyang & 
comm]cial develop;ts 9 ! \t] c;y
dur+ ! late ,joseon p]iod
  ,? book by ,je;g ,yak-y;g ( ! 
,practical ,le>n+ ,s*ool 4cusses
guidel9es t gov]nors m/ abide 
by4 ,! >ticle on roads 9 ! 
te*nical laws sec;n 4cusses ! 
road sy/em & ma9t5.e1 not+ t all
roads h be5 design$ >.d ! 
capital c;y s9ce anci5t "ts4 ,! 
book al describes ! bu/l+ nature
( comm]cial spaces \tside ! c;y4

  ,'l.q ,r7">a"1 exeq,o5,s,'
-----------------------------#ad
    `=q;sbeg-v,sir^7
  #ahdi c*
  `v3;]n,s `=qn`n ^1jr7jr .g 
`p3"o eg,s
  #ahdi c*8'j).= #ae,0 .]p1n 
.).]o"<cz o"[5w `=qo v,sir^7 
["u^mhs cbdm5 `p3"o"! ^u.7 
^9[e*,s ,m"]j3 ;sbegoi4 v,scz 
`m7`p1 i[7! .u,]jczin do1+j3 
`ovc ^:aiu1! `=`[bj3 `v3,s"u" 
+7l3 i=,.x ig.o^7n o/s/i4

    ,(ficial ,docu;t to ,grant 
to a ,suppli] a ,supply ,"r 
,issu$ by ! ,waseo"<,(fice ( 
,tiles">
  #ahdi
  ,docu;t ( "rs issu$ by ! 
gov]n;t (fice to tribute m]*ants
  ,? lr ( c]tifica;n 0 issu$ by 
! ,waseodaebang ,associa;n to an
(ficial suppli] call$ ,jeon 
,je;g 9 ,janu>y #ahdi"<#aeth ye>
( ,k+ ,heonj;g"> ,^u ! grant+ ( 
suppli] "rs4 ,! ,waseo 0 ! 
gov]n;t de"p;t 9 *>ge ( supply+ 
tiles & bricks = palaces & o!r 
build+s1 & 0 locat$ 9 
,dunji-bang to ! ea/ ( ,y;gsan4
------------------------#ae--#ag
  ,'l.q ,r7">a"1 `=q;sbeg 
-v,sir^7,'
a#ad      %e&,te],s #e`p3     #e
-----------------------------#ah
    u,]cu cxd+
  #ahbh c*
  `v3p3 u,]cun`n ^1jr7j3 
`[b:e],n,s
  `v3p3 u,]cun`n cx^=["u ,l1 #aj
e1`v f= #e e1! .o`[bj3 `[b: 
e],n,s"u" cx^=z ,s$7 ^m`z 
`v7j[7;<7n,s ,m"]j`n iys o/i4

    ,wage ,c]tificate ,issu$ to 
,oh ,se;g-no
  #ahbh
  ,pay slip issu$ to ! (ficial 
,oh ,se;g-no
  ,a /ate;t specify+ t a sal>y (
t5 .1mal ( gra9 & five .1mal ( 
soyb1ns 0 to 2 pd to ,oh 
,se;g-no1 a gov]n;t (ficial4 ,! 
sal>y 0 rcvd at ,gwan<eung*ang 
ne> ,seogang1 ! (fice 9 *>ge ( 
royal sal>ies4
-----------------------------#ai
  ,'l.q ,r7">a"1 u,]cu cxd+,'
-----------------------------#bj
    oe3,[7 ;<;sb
  .u,)jm`o
  oe3,[7n`n cr"q `v3.oao5e].7
  .u,),oir t[5! .s.7j`u `v3"oji)
^o7`uw ^\`s5 oe3,[7! ,)c=i3n,s 
.nl"! e8<^ucz .n`v3["u o5e]j3icz
eg,soi4

    ,c]tificate ( ,appo9t;t 
,issu$ to ,yi ,man-seung
  ,late ,joseon p]iod
  ,c]tificate = ! appo9t;t ( ,yi
,man-seung z a gov]n;t (ficial
  ,? docu;t records ! appo9t;t (
,yi ,man-seung1 a ,special 
monitor f ! ,b+go"<(fice = /or+ 
& manag+ ice dur+ ! ,joseon 
,dyna/y">1 z an (ficiator ( 
rites at ,seonn;gdan ,alt>4
-----------------------------#ba
  ,'l.q ,r7">a"1 oe3,[7 ;<;sb,'
-----------------------------#bb
    ,8^\m0'e] `ov
  .u,)jm`o_/+7l3`m $1p1i= ;&hu
  ^\v,s"! ,i['jcz ,8^\m0'$ 
,r`:.q `ov
a#bj      %e&,te],s #e`p3     #g
  emcw$ sb'cz ,mfovoi4 q$a["u 
e]eg ,8^\m0'"! ,r`:/czin" ^\mcz 
`ovv ^:aiu1w `=`[b! i5i7jr/i) 
`v3;]q ^\v,s"! weoj3i4

    ,ro( ,tiles ) 8,byeolu0 
,9scrip;n
  ,late ,joseon p]iod_/,excavat$
f ,galwol-d;g1 ,y;gsan-gu
  ,ro( tile 5grav$ ) ! 9scrip;n 
8,byeolu0 m1n+ ! ,byeolwaseo 
"<(fice 9 *>ge ( ,ro(,tiles">
  ,? 3vex ro(+ tile has no 
patt]n4 ,! lr+ ,8,byeolu,0 is 
5grav$ on ! tile1 : ref]s to 
,byeolwaseo1 ! gov]n;t (fice 9 
*>ge ( tiles4
-----------------------------#bc
  ,'l.q ,r7">a"1 ,8^\m0'e] `ov,'
-----------------------------#bd
    ,qd*.ob,] e<w^7
  .u,)jm`o_/`p3.m7jv8'#acbb-- 
#adjh,0 i[7
  e1n `v3j3 cr+7! i5z ,mwja,s
  .u,);u`o w`v3 `p3.m7jv i[7o 
d*;<3j3 m"oc"< ;y`uw ,mw,s"u" 
.),oiy3 %e&z .u,)jm`on i,o 
do1liy3 ;raoi4 e1n `v3j3 .o1^]`v
;o"+^sb" .u0z e1 ,oa^\^sb" c<o 
$5^\^sb i[7o `["o5`v j5,`n 
,te]iys o/i4

    ,equ9e ,vet]9>y ,manual
  ,late ,joseon p]iod_/ ,kwon 
,jung-hwa"<#acbb`9#adjh"> & o!rs
  ,a vet]9>y manual relat$ to 
horses
  ,compil$ by doctor ,kwon 
,jung-hwa & o!rs 9 ! e>ly 
,joseon p]iod1 ? 0 ! f/ vet]9>y 
manual publi%$ 9 ,korea4 ,x 0 
transcrib$ once ag 9 ! late 
,joseon p]iod4 ,! manual f1tures
diagrams & explana;ns ( equ9e 
41ses1 tr1t;ts1 & h[ to spot 
qual;y horses & id5tify a 
horse's age4
-----------------------------#be
  ,'l.q ,r7">a"1 ,qd*.ob,] 
e<w^7,'
-----------------------------#bf
a#bd      %e&,te],s #e`p3     #i
    .qj)e.],raiu
  #affc c*_/^ue&_/ 
`ma"ob.m7<7iu,s`v3_/^x.n
  o5`[5n`n .ql7jcz e1! `o"[i) 
l1`uko^t82.)`uk;0w ex.7 `["o5
  `m7.m7w e1! `o"[`u jg"*,ofocz 
o1! i5i7jr/i) `v3;]q l^x,o ,u,x 
.)`maw ex.7 .m7 i=ireg ^aa 
l1`uko^tw ex.7! `["q `["o5oi4 
.m7"<7;)`v j3$7o e3ccz `u'n 
j],]iy3 ctbz d].o l1`uko^t o1irw
ex.7`v o5`[5n`n .ql7j3 #ba do1w 
e1! e+lj<:/i4

    ,horses ,tribut$ to ! ,k+ f 
,maps ( ,ran*es
  #affc_/,tr1sure_/,na;nal 
,libr>y ( ,korea_/,replica
  ,a draw+ ( ! ,salgoji fields1 
a f>m ": horses 7 rais$ to 2 
(f]$ to ! ,k+ z a tribute
  ,? is a pa9t+ ( ! ,salgoji 
fields f>m \tside ,d;gdaemun 
,gate1 "o ( ! f>ms a6iliat$ ) ! 
,(fice ( ! ,royal ,/ables1 ! 
gov]n;t de"p;t 9 *>ge ( rais+ & 
tra9+ royal horses4 ,x depicts !
,salgolji fields1 a wide >ea ( 
flatl& ": ,jungnang*eon ,/r1m 
met ! ,hangang ,riv]1 z well z !
f>m xf & #ba horses (f]$ to ! 
,k+4
-----------------------------#bg
  ,'l.q ,r7">a"1 .qj)e.],raiu,'
------------------------#bh--#bi
  ,'l.q ,r7">a"1 .qj)e.],raiu,'
-----------------------------#cj
    `v3miu
  #ai,n`o_/^x.n
  l5`ma.ow `v3m"! `["q `v3m,q<7 
em,qiu
  ;8l5`ma.o02w `v3mcz `v3v7 
,iucz `v3,].n`go"< j<: 
em,x,q<7n,s ,m7^riycz irl7 .m7 
jc<:/i4 `v3m,q<7z o5.qvr"<3! 
`s;oe: .u,)["u %obiys/czin" 
`ma$w .nl `=$3o. eq$3,q<7w 
hs.)os/i) c5l3 `o,!an `v3m"! 
eu,q c5`v3v7e+" `v3,]e+ i[7o 
`)"obiys/i4

b#bf     %e&,te],s #e`p3     #aa
    ,portrait ( ,guan ,yu
  #aith ,c5tury_/,replica
  ,a %amani/ic pa9t+ ( ,guan ,yu
f .7,rom.e ( ! ,?ree ,k+doms.' 
"u ,guan ,yu %amanism
  ,guan ,yu f .7,rom.e ( ! ,?ree
,k+doms.' 0 "o ( ! idols 
wor%ipp$ 9 %amanism4 ,guan ,yu 
%amanism 0 9troduc$ to ,joseon 
"? ! ,japanese 9va.ns ( ,korea1 
l1d+ to ! e/abli%;t ( %r9es to 
,guan ,yu s* z ,s\? ,gwanwangmyo
& ,gwanse;gmyo at ! foot ( 
,namsan1 "o ( ! _sual spaces & !
bir?place ( folk religions4
-----------------------------#ca
  ,'l.q ,r7">a"1 `v3miu,'
-----------------------------#cb
    ,8i=e+;o,]^]0'e] ^ra.^]
  #ai,n`o_/,s&,o %j]egjv.r
  i=e+w .nln l+7iy3 _s["u 
;m.]iycz ^ra.^]
  l7i3n ^rahu"! o+7j<: >7$aj3 
,8i=e+;o,]^] `].ql5p1o10'o"<cz 
e]ego o/cz ^ra.^]oi4 e]eg["u ^u<
`v3mn`n .nl"! .ocrcz i=`v3v7e+ 
8'i=e+,0n ;o,]! i["o1 ,ir l+7iy3
^]["u ;m.]iy3i4

    ,:ite ,porcela9 ,bottle ) 
8,d;gmyo*ise;gbye;g0 ,9scrip;n
  #aith ,c5tury_/,se\l ,c;y 
,tangible ,cultural ,h]itage
  ,a :ite porcela9 bottle 2liev$
to h be5 us$ 9 religi\s 
c]emonies at ,d;gmyo ,%r9e
  ,! lr+ ,8,d;gmyo*ise;gbye;g 
,gye;gj9samwolil,0 is emboss$ ) 
:ite clay on ! upp] "p4 ,due to 
? 9scrip;n1 x is 2liev$ t ? 
bottle 0 us$ by dev\t pray]s 
dur+ religi\s c]emonies held at 
,d;gmyo ,%r9e4
-----------------------------#cc
  ,'l.q ,r7">a"1 ,8i=e+;o,]^]0' 
e] ^ra.^],'
-----------------------------#cd
    `v3.n^ujgl7.m
  #ahhb c*
  `v3,].n`g8'`v3m,0w jg`/v :al.?
l"/"! .]"oj3 iu`+ ,q<7 ;ra
a#cb     %e&,te],s #e`p3     #ac
  `v3mw j("]o $7,qj<: 
.)jr.ms/i`u jcz ;8$a,n.q`]02! 
jr,tj3 ;raoi4 o ;rancz 
;8$a,n.q`]02 `m.tn irj3 ^u;m7 
,te]`v ojr"! iub`o mrj3 iud3o 
,m"xiys o/i4

    ,! ,scriptures = ,wor%ip+ 
,guan ,yu
  #ahhb
  ,taoi/ scriptures t detail ! 
t1*+s & hi/oric ev5ts ( 
,gwanse;gjegun"<,guan ,yu">
  ,? book is an 9t]preta;n ( 
.1,gaksej+ye;g1 : 0 2liev$ to 
3vey ! evok$ _s ( ,guan ,yu4 ,! 
book 3ta9s supple;t>y explana;ns
( v]ses 9 .1,gaksej+yeon1 z well
z illu/ra;ns to assi/ 9 "u/&+4
-----------------------------#ce
  ,'l.q ,r7">a"1 `v3.n^ujgl7.m,'
-----------------------------#cf
    s.negj+,n.j+;<7e+,qiu^oe]
  #ah,n`o
  egj+,n.<w j+;<7e+"! .u,]je*,s 
.a,]iy3 ,qiu^oe] ha^(;sb
  #aghf c* #e,nw c<o"u le7j3 
egj+,n.8'#aghb--#aghf,0"! `o"o`o
mrjr <^s.oq .].u$ .oa.sb .os ,ng
,qiu^oe]oi4 egj+,n.<w e+,ucz 
j+;<7e+"<`u ^&":/czin .o`[5w 
j+;<7i= o"[5o :`on,s %"riys/i4

    ,ru2+ ( ,epitaph ,2l;g+ to 
,cr[n ,pr9ce ,munhyo ,writt5 by 
! ,k+ ,je;gjo
  #ahth ,c5tury
  ,a ru2+ ( ! epitaph on ! tomb 
( ,cr[n ,pr9ce ,munhyo1 writt5 
^u ! cr1;n ( ,hyo*ang ,%r9e = ! 
cr[n pr9ce
  ,? epitaph 0 p]sonally writt5 
by ,k+ ,je;gjo 9 memory ( ,cr[n 
,pr9ce ,munhyo"<#aghb`9#aghf">1 
8 elde/ son1 :o pass$ away at ! 
age ( five4 ,! tomb ( ,cr[n 
,pr9ce ,munhyo 0 call$ ,hyo*ang 
,%r9e1 : is ": ! "n ( mod]n-"d 
,hyo*ang-d;g is d]iv$ f4
-----------------------------#cg
  ,'l.q ,r7">a"1 s.negj+,n. 
a#cf     %e&,te],s #e`p3     #ae
j+;<7e+,qiu^oe],'
-----------------------------#ch
    ,xir.)
  #agdf c*
  .u,)jm`o ,].s,ob"ow l7sb .ae& 
.r^r `v3"* `%.]o ,m"xiy3 ^sb.)
  #agdf c* ].u ,ir d*;<3iy3 
^sb.)["u" `o.( ^sb"%1w u"%"! 
^uv3j`u m"o ,o1.]n ekcz ^sb"]e3 
eu< $3jr7iy3 _soi4 "8ju.)01 
,8.)hra0' .un e],oiy3 8`],] 
<3n,s exjv.) eo2 crc=duw `z.)! 
.nyj`u `].ajcz .cz .7 #ajj irn 
;sj3i0cz `%.]z i7,o j3>7n e3*jr 
o/i) l7dm5 .ae&w em^g^\j3 .r^r"!
`[5.oj`o mrj5os/i4

    ,supple;t to ! ,na;nal ,code
  #agdf
  ,a legal code t 9cludes 
regula;ns on comm]ce & gr[+ 
crops 9 & \tside ! c;y wall 9 ! 
late ,joseon p]iod
  ,? legal code 0 publi%$ by ,k+
,ye;gjo 9 #agdf to correct ]rors
9 previ\s /atutes & compile only
^? /atutes t suit$ ! circum/.es 
9 ,joseon at ! "t4 ,! >ticle on 
fields & h|ses 9 ! book ( civil 
laws /ipulates 8,) ! excep;n ( 
cotton fields & fields = gr[+ 
wat] dropwort1
-----------------------------#ci
any"o gr[+ crops 9side ! c;y 
wall % 2 puni%$ ) #ajj la%es40 
,? law s"\ to \tlaw ! rampant 
practice ( gr[+ 9discrim9ate 
crops 9 ! ,hanyang >ea4

  ,'l.q ,r7">a"1 ,xir.),'
-----------------------------#dj
    .u,),],oiu
  .u,)jm`o_/o;<3`o.[7
  .u,)jm`o iu,] <3`v ^aa,$.o 
j3>7w jr7.] `m:a! ^u:.mcz .oiu
  iu,] cr .m+ `);mae&`v iu"u" 
e&`o1" i"o i[7o d+,oiys o/cz 
.oiuoi4 `m7`p1 eo2 .=e+"2l.oa 
`)e&" lireg`v l,ueg! `s;: iu,] 
^aa["u *`\iycz iu"u" j3$7" au `[
cses `v3<al3,$.o `[":.: o/i4 
a#ch     %e&,te],s #e`p3     #ag
.oiuncz j3>7w jr7.]`m:aq #e^m 
#di^7w e];o7iu d+,oiys o/czin" 
j3$7 *<3n,s ,s$7^7" +7l3^7" 
ig.o^7" j3$7^7" imeu^7 i[7o 
jvaqiy3i4

  ,'l.q ,r7">a"1 .u,),],oiu,'
-----------------------------#da
    ,map ( ,hanyang
  ,late ,joseon p]iod_/,donat$ 
by ,yi ,*an
  ,a map t depicts ! 
adm9i/rative regions bo? 9 & 
\tside ,hanyang dur+ ! late 
,joseon p]iod
  ,? map is m>k$ ) major 
build+s1 roads1 wat]ways1 & 
bridges )9 ! capital4 ,x al 
f1tures ! roads 3nect+ to ! ,f\r
,grt ,gates & ! ,f\r ,small 
,gates \tside ! capital1 ! 
,hangang ,riv]1 & ,gwanaksan 
,m.ta9 2y ! riv]4 ,! 
adm9i/rative units ( ,hanyang1 !
five 4tricts"<.1bu"> & =ty-n9e 
blocks"<.1bang"> >e 9dicat$ z 
well4 ,= example1 ne> ! ,hangang
,riv]1 ! "ns ( ,seogang-bang1 
,y;gsan-bang1 ,dunji-bang1 
,hangang-bang1 & ,dumo-bang >e 
id5tifi$4
------------------------#db--#dc
  ,'l.q ,r7">a"1 .u,),],oiu,'
-----------------------------#dd
    exeq,o5,s
  #ai,n`o_/.]>a+78'#agfb-- 
#ahcf,0
  `]$7l7sb ^1i1"u ^)jvj3 
,].s,ob"o"! e+lj3 .]>a+7w .s,s
  iu,] ^aa `]$7 .o:ao l7sb 
.m7,o5.o"u ,].7j`n iy." ,s$7"2 
edu"u h=jcz ru`r`o1`v +7l3["u 
$cz >a.s5j* `o1o ^)jv$$ iys/i4 
.]>a+7z ;8exeq,o5,s02 "8`=.)01 
n,s o `o1! 8`xe&o dx.mj`u ,m"n$ 
^miokjoe:" l"<5i!o s,`r"! 
^miokjocz `o10o"<`u j<:/i4

    ,admoni;ns on ,gov]n+ ! ,p
  #aith ,c5tury_/,je;g ,yak-y;g 
"<#agfb`9#ahcf">
a#da     %e&,te],s #e`p3     #ai
  ,a book t |tl9es ! situa;n & 
*anges 9 ! \t] c;y br"\ ab by 
comm]cial develop;ts ( ! 
,hangang ,riv] wat]way
  ,z soon z ! ,gye;ggang region 
\tside ! capital c;y 2gan to 
gr[1 x naturally l$ to *anges 9 
,hanyang's roads z well1 turn+ 
,aeogae-gil t l$ to ,seogang & 
,mapo & ,yakjeomhyeon-gil t l$ 
to ,y;gsan 9to ma9 /reets4 ,je;g
,yak-y;g wrote t ^! /reets 7 
83ge/$ ) gra91 :eelb>r{s collid+
) "o ano!r1 & p bump+ %|ld]s0 9 
! te*nical laws sec;n ( ? book4
-----------------------------#de
  ,'l.q ,r7">a"1 exeq,o5,s,'

  m"oc"<n,scz v7,]^m crw 
<u`r'.r" `u9 ,s$7["u c$cz `o1`v 
>a.s5`u`r" `u9 +7l3["u c$cz `o1z
eo`x! g^3jczin ,m"n$ ,s"u 
^miokjo`u s,`r"! ,s"u ,[;ocz 
`u'oi4
  ;8exeq,o5,s02 `p3#ab" "8`=.)01
-----------------------------#df
    %a.).u"/
  #ahfg c*
  l7sb ^1i1`v q`m .[7$"u ^*jviy3
jr7.] `m:a e];o7! ,o1z ^sb.)
  .u,)e1`o %a.u $a `v3<w lem 
;s"on do1+j3 jr7.] ^sb`%v l"/"! 
d*.obj3 jr7.]^sb.)oi4 #ah,n`o 
ojm ,].s,ob"ow q`m .[7$v l7sb 
^1i1n ,i"< ^*jviy3 #e^m #dg^7w 
e];o7! jvaqj1 ,m o/i4

    ,regula;ns ( ! ,six ,codes
  #ahfg
  ,a legal code |tl9+ *anges 9 !
"ns ( adm9i/rative 4tricts due 
to popula;n gr[? & comm]cial 
develop;t 9 ! \t] c;y
  ,? adm9i/rative code 3ta9s 
adm9i/rative laws & examples 
requir$ by (ficials 9 h&l+ ! 
a6airs ( ! ,six ,m9i/ries at ! 
5d ( ! ,joseon dyna/y4 ,? book 
3firms ! "ns ( ! five 4tricts 
"<.1bu"> & =ty-sev5 blocks 
"<.1bang"> af !y 7 *ang$ z a 
a#df     %e&,te],s #e`p3     #ba
result ( popula;n gr[? 9 #aj-li 
radius \tside ! c;y wall af ! 
#ahth c5tury4
-----------------------------#dg
  ,'l.q ,r7">a"1 exeq,o5,s,'
-----------------------------#dh
    h="/p3`/jyiu
  #aehf c*
  `ma$ w"/"! `v3.7ji) `v3p3i!w 
j3$7^* .5im^= euo5 `["o5
  #aehf c*8',).u #ai,0 #ip1 
#afo1 .5im^=8'j*.r .timl3,0n,s 
h="/p3 `v3p3i!o `/jy"! j`u o/cz 
eu,[b! `["q .adm5oi4 h="/p3z 
.u,),oir `ma$w w"/"! `v3.7j<:/i)
`v3,s:/i4 .5im^=z `];o"! .!`o`o 
.u0< .u,);u`o^mhs `v3"+i!o .!`: 
;<ki) e],u:/i4 `["o5ncz .5im^=`v
$7 .m7$3n mr;oj3 ,)%iu" `[ imrw 
`v3<al3,$.o `[":.: o/i4

    ,ga!r+ ( ,(ficials ( ! 
,t;gnyewon"<,(fice ( ,ritual 
,a6airs">
  #aehf
  ,pa9t+ depict+ a ga!r+ ( 
(ficials :o adm9i/]$ /ate rites 
at ,jamdub;g ,p1k by ! ,hangang 
,riv]
  ,a pa9t+ t depicts (ficials f 
! ,(fice ( ,compreh5sive 
,rituals "<.1,t;gnyewon"> hold+ 
a meet+ at ,jamdub;g ,p1k 
"<curr5tly ,mt4 ,jeoldu"> on ! 
banks ( ! ,hangang ,riv] on #af 
,septemb]1 #aehf4 ,! (fice 0 9 
*>ge ( na;nal rites dur+ ! 
,joseon dyna/y4 ,jamdub;g ,p1k 0
"o ( ! mo/ popul>
-----------------------------#di
attrac;ns am;g (ficials f ! e>ly
/ages ( ! ,joseon dyna/y4 ,! 
image f1tures ,jambud;g ,p1k z 
well z ,seonyudo ,isl& 9 ! c5t] 
( ! ,hangang ,riv]1 ) ,gwanaksan
,m.ta9 9 ! backgr.d4

  ,'l.q ,r7">a"1 h="/p3`/jyiu,'
------------------------#ej--#ea
  ,'l.q ,r7">a"1 h="/p3`/jyiu,'

a#dh     %e&,te],s #e`p3     #bc
-----------------------------#eb
    ,o`ud*c*
  #aheb c*
  ,].s,ob"ow e],[7.o"! %"<5j3 
lir^mi!w ,o"! eu< d*.obj3 ;ra
  #aheb c*8';t.= #c,0 ^ma;(w 
lir^m ..ni!! .m7,o5["u `r;yiy3 
,ol euo5n,s .a,]iy3 ,oi!! 
d*.obj3 ;raoi4 i7,o oi!z ;)*.]" 
`[5`/.]" ,n`s5.] i[7 o"[5c3 
.].<n,s dm7"%"! .!`oe: o,ir 
c[,`q $5jy"! i5< ,o"! .os/i) 
_s["u ^uqi4

   ,collec;n ( ,poems by 
,hanyang's ,>i/ocrats
  #aheb
  ,an an?ology ( poems writt5 by
>i/ocrats af see+ ! fam\s si<ts 
\tside ! c;y wall
  ,? collec;n 3ta9s poems ma9ly 
writt5 by "y >i/ocrats 9 ,buk*on
af a ga!r+ ( a poetry society 9 
#aheb "<#crd ye> ( ,k+ 
,*eolj;g">4 ,! 3t5t ( ! poems 
,su7e/s t !y portray feel+s ( ! 
poets af 5joy+ ! lit]>y ambi;e 
at fam\s pavilions 9clud+ 
,*eonyeonje;g1 ,geumgyeje;g & 
,segeomje;g4
-----------------------------#ec
  ,'l.q ,r7">a"1 ,o`ud*c*,'
-----------------------------#ed
    ,=$3,).u,o1`o
  #aiah c*`]_/o.]jy8'#aedb-- 
#afab,0
  h="/p3 `/jy `v3"* cr+7o 
`o"xiy3 o.]jyw .s,s
  .u,) .m7`ow ja.<q o.]jyw 
o1`ooi4 o $gin #aehf c* #ip1 
#afo1 j3$7^* h="/p3n,sw `/jyn 
irj3 `o"xo jvaqiy3i4 o.]jycz 
8,oal jm j3$7["u $,s ^r mrn u1"<
:"s i="+ `v3p3i!`v j5,`n 
.=o1hu"x e& mrn,s cuco1s/i0"<`u 
`o"xj`u o/i4

    ,collect$ ,"ws ( ,yi 
,je;g-hoi"<,p5-"n3 ,s;gkan">
  ca4 #aiah_/,yi ,je;g-hoi 
"<#aedb`9#afab">
a#eb     %e&,te],s #e`p3     #be
  ,! collect$ writ+s ( ,yi 
,je;g-hoi1 3ta9+ records ( a 
,t;gnyewon "<,(fice ( 
,compreh5sive ,rituals"> ga!r+
  ,? is a di>y kept by ,yi 
,je;g-hoi1 a s*ol> f ! 
mid-,joseon p]iod4 ,"o ( ! 
records p]ta9s to a ,t;gnyewon 
"<(fice ( ,compreh5sive 
,rituals"> ga!r+ held on ! banks
( ! ,hangang ,riv] on #af 
,septemb] #aehf4 ,at ! "t1 ,yi 
wrote 8,af eat+1 we bo>d$ a boat
on ! ,hangang ,riv] & ,i sp5t ! 
rema9d] ( ! "d cruis+ on ! wat] 
) my coll1gues40
-----------------------------#ee
  ,'l.q ,r7">a"1 ,=$3,).u,o1`o,'








------------------------#ef--#eg
    ^r'`o1w .m7,o5" `]$7
    ,gye;ggang3 ,! ,c5t] ( ! 
,wat]ways4

  ,'>aiu ,r7">a"1,'
-----------------------------#eh
    i=ju,sjuiu
  #aijd c*
  j3$7 +7l3`v edu o1irw eu,[b! 
`["q `["o5
  #f dx ^]dm7q ;8l3,mqe&iu02w .n
#a dxoi4 j3$7w c5,.xn,s ^( 
+7l3`v edu o1irw dm7`]o `u`o.bo"
%"<5 i[7 i<>7j3 eu,[b`v j5,`n 
i5`: o/i4 `["o5 l7i3n i7,o e&.<w
.miy3 g,="u:/i) +7l3du" edu" 
i=ju" ,sju i[7w .oe]o d+`oiys 
o/[c `[ mr;oncz u"%$ o/i4

  ,'l.q ,r7">a"1 i=ju,sjuiu,'
-----------------------------#ei
    ,hangang ,riv] & ,xs 
,surr.d+ ,>1s f ,fold+ ,scre5 ) 
,l&scapes & ,human ,figures 
#ef--#eg   %e&,te],s #e`p3   #bg
"<,detail">
  #aijd
  ,a pa9t+ depict+ sc5es ( ! 
,y;gsan & ,mapo >1s ( ! ,hangang
,riv]
  ,? pa9t+ is ! f/ panel ( 
.7,pa9t+ ( ,figures & 
,l&scapes.'1 ! six-panel fold+ 
scre54 ,! f/ panel1 : depicts ! 
,t;gsan & ,mapo >1s z se5 f ! 
s\? side ( ! ,hangang ,riv]1 
portrays a v>iety ( sc5es 9clud+
fi%+ & cruis+4 ,! "ns ( major 
frei<t transport r|tes s* z 
y;gsanpo1 ,mapo1 ,d;gho & ,seoho
>e writt5 at ! top ( ! pa9t+1 b 
! loca;ns >e 9correct4
-----------------------------#fj
    i=eg,)
  #ag,n`o_/,s`s.]8'#adbj-- 
#adhh,0 i[7
  j3$7^*w ca;).]n irj3 cr+7! 
,m"xj3 eg.ob
  ;8i=eg,)02n ,m"xiy3 ^*`/">7 
8'#acfi--#adcj,0w "8ca;).]`o01 
n,s ca;).]z hr.=o v7mrn,s e&"sc3
imr ,ir,ir"u %"<5ji) `u'["u 
,u`riys o/i4 ca;).]o o/i) .<>7i=
o1ir8'j*.r .5,o1ir`+ ^mai3,0ncz 
j3$7`v `[ cses"! .ue7j1 ,m o/cz 
irl3o o/s o`u'n v7.xoc lir^mi!o 
cm.]! .o'`u dm7"%"! .!`:/i4

    ,an?ology ( ,kor1n 
,lit]ature
  #agth ,c5tury_/,seo ,geo-je;g 
"<#adbj`9#adhh">
  ,a collec;n ( lit]>y "ws 3ta9+
a record on ,nak*eonje;g 
,pavilion1 a fam\s loca;n ( ! 
,hangang ,riv]
  .1,nak*eonje;gi a /ory by 
,byeon ,gye-ryang"<#acfi`9 
#adcj"> 9clud$ 9 ,an?ology ( 
,kor1n ,lit]ature 
"<.1,d;gmunseon">1 m5;ns t ,k+ 
,taej;g us$ to frequ5t 
,nak*eonje;g ,pavilion af /epp+ 
d[n f ! ?r"o4 ,? >ea1 : is 
curr5tly ,jayang-d;g on ! nor!rn
side ( ,jamsildaegyo ,bridge1 
a#fj     %e&,te],s #e`p3     #bi
(f]$ a fanta/ic view ( ! 
,hangang ,riv]4 ,>i/ocrats & 
memb]s ( ! royal family (t5 
built pavilions & 5joy$ ! breeze
9 ! >ea ne> ,nak*eonje;g 
,pavilion4
-----------------------------#fa
  ,'l.q ,r7">a"1 i=eg,),'

  ca;).]z m"o l7v7.)j,`n,s 
,ir,ir"u %"<5j,ocz `u'oi4 
8'.m7">a,0 j3 )i?o cu4`u 
im7`[,["nj3 eu>7o $e"! s4s cu0z 
_s $8zin o"[5o irl3oi4 `s`on 
u1"<,s l^7! iu1<^uco fz $7`v 
i&"s,l3 *eu'o tajq ;r cs5,o1ire:
j["[czin" *oz ^=m"ov `:b;:.q 
en'^m"o$ ;<"/"u chc`u `:b`:bo 
c<v )i?! `u"o;s"s5 i&"s .ujyjcz 
i['j`u em' ^\o ^ma,q! i&"s,l3 
i['j<:" `v* jc!o e3iz j&"%7j3 
`u'os/i4,,,
  "8i=eg,)02 `p3#hj" 
"8ca;).]`o01
-----------------------------#fb
    `[5u`/;sb
  #agab c*
  j3$7^*n,s \"q w`[5^m `v3p3i!w 
euo5 `["o5
  ,8`[5u0'cz .u,),oir j]x! 
`v3.7ji) w`[5^mw ^\;o7["u" 
;8`[5u`/;sb02z w`[5^mw .=#f dm5 
w`[5^miuli!o .m`v3j<: e3iz _soi4
`/jy .7e*w ^r`]["ucz ir^m^g 
,o1cr `=$3q w`[5^m ;]l$ 
`[":.o.oe3" o"/.?["u >y `=$3o 
`[":.ocz `]miu o/i4 :`on,scz 
`/jyw ^r`]["u j3$7^*o `[":.: 
o/i4

  ,'l.q ,r7">a"1 `[5u`/;sb,'
-----------------------------#fc
    ,album ( ,pa9t+s ,depict+ ! 
,ga!r+ ( ! ,(ficials ( ! 
,uigeumbu "<,/ate ,tribunal">
  #agab
  ,an album ( pa9t+s ( a ga!r+ (
(ficials f ! ,/ate ,tribunal on 
! banks ( ! ,hangang ,riv]
  .1,geumo 0 ! nick"n ( ,/ate 
,tribunal1 ! de"p;t 9 *>ge ( 
a#fb     %e&,te],s #e`p3     #ca
crim9al puni%;t dur+ ! ,joseon 
dyna/y4 ,? album 0 produc$ "u ! 
sup]vi.n ( (ficials f ! ,/ate 
,tribunal4 ,:ile ! backgr.ds ( 
draw+s ( ga!r+s usually f1tur$ 
9door sett+s s* z ! ,/ate 
,tribunal h1dqu>t]s1 "s 7 al 
drawn 9 \tdoor spaces4 ,9 ? 
case1 ! backgr.d is ! banks ( ! 
,hangang ,riv]4
------------------------#fd--#fe
  ,'l.q ,r7">a"1 `[5u`/;sb,'
-----------------------------#ff
    .(.r.ob
  #ahge c*_/mr^ra`%8'#agbg-- 
#agih,0
  `]$7l7qi!w ^m.]jr7mr i[7 ,o.]w
d/i3! .?z mr^ra`%w eg.ob
  .u,)jm`ow ,o1ja. mr^ra`%cz 
;8.(.r.ob02 .m7 "8.]j*,q^u01n,s 
.ug! ^o"u'j<: ja`+"2`gj*"2 
`v3.oa"2cu^o i[7 #ac.un i1jcz 
,o.]w d/i3! .o.?j3 jm on irj3 
.,qw `*jr"! ^1aj:/i4 `[ .m7 
.ug`v `v3"*j<: `]$7l7qi!o ,n`x 
g,=`v.]n,s .s.o"[cz $a.=w 
^m.]jr7mr$ \`siys o/i4

  ,'l.q ,r7">a"1 .(.r.ob,'
-----------------------------#fg
    ,collect$ ,"ws ( ,wi 
,baek-kyu"<,p5-"n3 ,jonjae">
  #ahge_/,wi ,baek-kyu 
"<#agbg`9#agih">
  ,a collec;n ( writ+s by ,wi 
,baek-kyu on evils 9 municipal 
adm9i/ra;n1 9clud+ fraud by 
,gye;ggang m]*ants
  ,? is a collec;n ( essays by 
,wi ,baek-kyu1 a s*ol> f ! 
,practical ,le>n+ ,s*ool 9 ! 
late ,joseon p]iod4 ,9 ? book1 
,wi describes #ac =ms ( evil acr
municipal adm9i/ra;n 9clud+ 
%ipp+1 s*ools1 c.ties & 
prefectures1 public (fice & 
s]vantry1 !n (f]s 8 op9ion on 
ea*4 ,on ! matt] ( %ipp+1 he 
li/s _m =ms ( fraud committ$ by 
,gye;ggang m]*ants dur+ ! 
process ( %ipp+ gra9 = taxa;n4
a#ff     %e&,te],s #e`p3     #cc
-----------------------------#fh
  ,,, `]$7 ^r'l"<5i!z euim 
`p3,n$w ,s;<1"u,,s ^i'$ `u!w 
`v3.7n`n $7<b.?["u +`mj<: ,neo"!
`].r7.?["u ,o9czi4 ac oeo ^r$ 
;&j7j3 imrn jx i"z iun $.o`u $,s
d1`oiu j`u jx iu.m7n jm5;: 
$k`oiu j`u,s" d,)iys/i`u ^u`uj3 
imrn ,iu `p3,n$n w.oj<: .y"! 
eue*j1 ,m o/[co `uw"u d,),ofqi4 
,,,
  ;8.(.r.ob02 `p3#ai" 
"8.]j*,q^u01
-----------------------------#fi
  ,'l.q ,r7">a"1 .(.r.ob,'
-----------------------------#gj
    `[5"[7.ob
  #ahae c*_/c5`=;t8'#agfj-- 
#ahdj,0
  l7sbiu,o"u ^*euj3 j3>7w eu,[b!
e+lj3 ,oeg.ob
  .u,)jm`ow eg,qq c5`=;tw 
,oeg.oboi4 .u,)z c=eq! ;)j<w 
`z^(o"<`u `=)ji) ljy:/[c" ;ra 
,xw `m.tz j3>7o l7sb iu,o"u 
^*euje*,s jvd/ `].n$ j3>7! 
.o^rj`n iy3 l7jv7! ^u:.gi4

    ,collect$ ,writ+s ( ,nam 
,g;g-*eol"<,p5-"n3 ,geumreung">
  #ahae_/,nam ,g;g-*eol 
"<#agfj`9#ahdj">
  ,a collec;n ( essays t 
describes ,hanyang's trans=ma;n 
9to a comm]cial c;y
  ,? is a collec;n ( writ+s by 
,nam ,g;g-*eol1 a r5[n$ writ] f 
! late ,joseon p]iod4 ,:ile 
,joseon society esp|s$ ! 
philosophy t agriculture 0 ! 
f.da;n ( ! k+dom1 "s passages ( 
^! essays 3firm t 9 r1l;y1 "ey?+
9 ,hanyang came to 2 dom9at$ by 
! m"ot>y economy z ! c;y 
trans=m$ 9to a comm]cial hub4
-----------------------------#ga
  ,'l.q ,r7">a"1 `[5"[7.ob,'

  j3>7z i(["u ,r7sb! l5[e:" #h 
iucz `x,oa["u ,r7sb! l5czi4
  ;8`[5"[7.ob02`p3#aj" 
a#gj     %e&,te],s #e`p3     #ce
"8wl7.rl7,s01
-----------------------------#gb
    `]l7jy`/.7^m
  #ahgb--#ahhe c*
  `]$7l7qi!w `s"r cr:a! .?z 
jy`/.7^m
  `r,]l7qi!o .m"u l+7jr/i) 
m"oc"<w `u%j3 jy`/ ;s"o^sbq 
l`r;o^m^sb82`r,]^m`o^sb;0["u 
.a,]iy3 `]$7l7qw jy`/.7^moi4 
.7^mncz *iuv c1,." `s"r irl7w 
o"[5`v ra,m i[7 `s"rcr:ao .?j: 
o/i4 l`r;o^m^sbn ,i"< .o`[b^9z 
j*`[5z ,8l70'" .o`[bj3 j*`[5z 
,8j0'"u d+,oiys/i4 <&"s v3"+iy3 
`s"rcz l7i3n ,8_+l0'.$ 
d+`oiys/i4

    ,bookkeep+ ,book ( 
,gye;ggang ,m]*ants
  #ahgb`9#ahhe
  ,an a3.t+ book 3ta9+ ! 
transac;n records ( ,gye;ggang 
m]*ants
  ,? a3.t+ book 2l;g$ to a 
,gye;ggang m]*ant1 & 0 writt5 
us+ ! f\r-ele;t bookkeep+ me?od 
"<,gaese;g bookkeep+ me?od">1 a 
tradi;nal ,kor1n a3.t+ me?od t 0
practic$ by m]*ants 9 ,gaese;g4 
,! l$g] 3ta9s
-----------------------------#gc
transac;n records 9clud+ ye>s1 
dates1 sums & ! "ns ( me?od1 
pay;ts rcvd 7 m>k$ ) ! "* 
.1sang1 :ile \tgo+ pay;ts 7 m>k$
) ! "* .1ha4 ,! "* _+l 0 writt5 
at ! top ( complet$ transac;ns4

  ,'l.q ,r7">a"1 `]l7jy`/.7^m,'
------------------------#gd--#ge
  ,'l.q ,r7">a"1 `]l7jy`/.7^m,'
-----------------------------#gf
    `]l7jy`/.7^m
  #ahhh--#aijb c*
  `]$7l7qi!w `s"r cr:a! .?z 
jy`/.7^m
  `]$7l7qw jy`/.7^m"u" y3,.x 
e*ncz s[5 #h.7o ^m;<aiys o/i4 
#h.7 .m7 #g.7z ,n"u"u ^3o .1"q 
j]hro`u" ces.o j3 .7z (.)j3 
a#gb     %e&,te],s #e`p3     #cg
j]hroi4 ;rem.<v ;r`p3.cz s[5! 
.t^3["u .1"< $a$a ccms $.q jm 
s[5`[5o .o`[biy1 ,ir o"! ,s"u 
ek;ms ^u</i4

    ,bookkeep+ ,book ( 
,gye;ggang ,m]*ants
  #ahhh`9#aijb
  ,an a3.t+ book 3ta9+ ! 
transac;n records ( ,gye;ggang 
m]*ants
  ,? a3.t+ l$g] 2l;g+ to a 
,gye;ggang m]*ant has ei<t 
promissory notes atta*$ to ! 
left side4 ,sev5 ( ! ei<t 
promissory notes >e cut 
crosswise1 :ile ! o!r is / 
9tact4 ,debtors & cr$itors wd 
cut promissory notes 9 half ) 
ea* "py reta9+ "o half1 & ! 
halves 7 jo9$ back tgr :5 ! m"oy
0 pd4
-----------------------------#gg
  ,'l.q ,r7">a"1 `]l7jy`/.7^m,'
-----------------------------#gh
    ,m`o
  #ahic c*
  i(oc e&`)! ^o1":.m`sc `ohaj1 
,ir .m`u^9i) .[7,s
  ,8,md+0'"<`uiu j3i4 .]e+c* 
8'#ahic,0 #fp1 #bio1n d+.mq 
^a,]o .a,]j3 ,m`ooi4 ^ok #bjj 
c>7! ;r.m$ ^9</[c ^("rw ,m`o"! 
^g,o1j<: i,o .a,]j3icz cr+7oi4 
d+.m ^a,]`v .7c: `o5,]" .[7q 
,qir`(" do1.ob xema:$ .?j: o/i4 
do1.ob xema:$ .[7,s"! ,,s/[e: 
d+.m ^a,]`v .7c: `o5,]w ,m.7! 
^u1 ,m o/i4

  ,'l.q ,r7">a"1 ,m`o,'
-----------------------------#gi
    ,loan ,agree;t ,docu;t
  #ahic
  ,a docu;t ( pro( us$ :5 m"oy 
or gds 7 loan$ or deposit$
  ,? docu;t 0 made \ on #bi 
,june #ahic by ,p>k1 ! debtor4 
,x /ates t ! debt ( #bjj .1nyang
0 collect$ by ! cr$itor1 b ! 
agree;t _h to 2 rewritt5 s9ce ! 
a#gh     %e&,te],s #e`p3     #ci
orig9al 0 lo/4 ,! docu;t 3ta9s !
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