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"r3i[ef[ `=$3["u jv1+7j3 l"/$ o/i4 `]`oiu w.]^m,ocz ^mir,.o`r" eo`g ^mir$ *l7iycz ,8`gl iu,o0'w oeo.o"! ^,`m`u ,o4s/i4 o `v.]n,s w.]^m,ocz `vjaiu,s`v3n os" eo,&iu,s`v3`v [5`u8 ^,`mr3i4 eo,&iu,s`v3o j'd!"no,["u %e]jr.oe*,s" w.]^m,ocz ,8`gl iu,o0'n,s ,8egjv iu,o0'"u `si[bc`u o/i4 .1 .oz iu,s`v3z d#ae #jb 0,,iv4 #ei ,oeqw e3.xiu"! ,`!su1"o1 ,^g a,' ;&;s"1 emm7,o`v3`v7j:bjy #b4 ,8o+70'jcz iu,s`v3n,s ,8:jr70'jcz iu,s`v3["u .o:aiu" o+7.iu" l,siu" .7,siu euiz _so i"zin" iu,s`v3i!z vr o"s0`n ^o,['^o,['j1,$8 .o:a ,o1.]n ekiu"x `r,] o/`n iu,s`v3! ,`m"o`o^ui jyao1.?["u iu,s`v3! g]j`o ,iregz `m `v3`rao #a;)e3 e]! cs5s,t .]iu"u >`m"! .u0iu" .[a ,8>`m iu,o0'"! d+^7jcz `u'o :"s' o/.oe3" sioniu ,8>`m .)eg iu,s`v30'z sb'i4 `=`=iu,s`v3o ir^m^g .o:a ,oeqe3! irl7["u ,s^o,[j`o ,iregoi4 .).m,ocz iu,s`v3 o+7."! ,8.o:a .meq0'n,s ,8.).m `v3`v7`ra0'["u jva.7jr/i4 iu,s`v3 o+7."! ,8.r.]w0'j`u ,8`v3`v7 iu,o0'w h[a,]n ek`n iu,s`v3! g]j`o ,o.aj." cu1"ol d ,sab],00'"7j3 .!`o1 `s"ov j5,`n .),o `=$3" ,[h%iou" ,>p ,o,t" 0,,pc4,$.o .o:a ,o1.]n ekcz i<>7j3 ,o,t! ^u%j`u o/i4 oeq."! mrj3 $a.= $7.vv .op3 d["u`["r5! g]je*,s ,oeqw l"<7! ^9cz ,8o1l7 `=$30'o iys/i4 ,8.oj/w i[7ir0'v ,87j3 ,8jv3ir0'n o/i4 ,iuj3 cajmiy3 .o:a! iu,s`v3! h=jr jv1,]jvj3 l"/"y,00'"! ,8"y,00'"u jv1+7j3 l"/o`oiu ji4 l.q #b4 ,`m"o,.o^,on o/cz .oj/w i[7ir ,'l.q ,r7">a,' ;&;s"1 0,wikim$ia4 b#ag #jb 0,,iv4 #fc #d4 iu,s`v3 .[7,t`v `r^7" `=$3w .)jv3 ,).q`ma ,m.gn ek`n `=`=iu,s`v3 qd["<"! ,`m.gjo jva.7jcz cu":aiu do1+ji4 #bjbd c* j*.r irj3eq`ma `=`=iu,s`v3 ,mcz #a1bif`ro.oe3" iu,s`v3! is c!"o1 do1+$ o/i4 ,mp3,ocz #bjaj c*ir^mhs 0,,oecd4 ,m.gw iu,s`v3 qd["<"! $k;m`n/icz e]jvaj3 .];ra exd+"! $.o`u ,8iu -----------------------------#ah ,s`v3 iu,o0'"! e3i!s ( ird+.? l"/i4 ,mp3,o;s"s5 .o^7.]^m$ w.o"! $.o`u iu,s`v3! ,`m.gjo ,q;maj3 iu,oiu o/.oe3" o") l"/cz jz;o <30i4 eo1iu$ cu4z iriu,ocz iu,s`v3 ^m.o e"*o s":& ,m^aan sb'`o ,iregoi4 ac iu,s`v3w ja,[b `=$3q ,8f3eao \"<5,o10'! ,8."+,o10'"u .)jv3je*" iu,s`v3! ,r"u .o'.o <30`uiu ;ra! ^o;oj1 ,m o/cz `=$3! ^o`+.? ,(,mrb`n c!"o1 ,m o/i4 iu,s`v3n f3eao \"<5,o1o e30z c"a #a1acf? p3 .]iui4 d]`%3! cr^ue* `=`=iu,s`v3 j3 `u'i7 #h1gfe e3 p3n ^&`vji4 #ab`rp1"u ccme* j3 i1n #gcj e3 p3^aan <3 iycz `[5raoi4 ."+ `mob /l3o .?i ^uco" jwe7iu,s `mob /l3o `[5^7 ,u.qiy`o o1,,mi4 o") c" j3i4 ,s.s5`v iu,s`v3z egjv$7`ma["u $`o mrj3 `o^( qd["`o02" j3`:"n ;&d3" #bjbe .u`[5.m" ;8m"o$ eu1"7,qeg" #bjbj4je4jg4 ueojv3" 8l7.s5 $8z iu,s`v3 ,8w jc"u ix,sn `v3jr i3 jc7" ix,s er;n" ix,s ^g>"! d<a,'"1 =gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg= *iu"1 ,]q8'.=o;ra,0 ja,r78'.=o;ra,0 ,]q8'.=jb,0 ja,r78'.=jb,0 """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" #id c*"1 #hf4h #ig4f == == #ie c*"1 #gi4j #ig4a == == #if c*"1 #gg4b #if4g == == #ii c*"1 #gg4h #ic4i == == #jb c*"1 #gb4j #hi4f == == #jd c*"1 #gf4c #hi4j == == #jf c*"1 #ge4i #hi4f == == #jg c*"1 #gf4g #ij4f == == #jh c*"1 #gb4b #hi4a == == #ji c*"1 #ga4g #ic4g == == #aj c*"1 #fe4d #ib4c == == #aa c*"1 #ff4h #hc4h == == #ac c*"1 #ga4d #if4j #gb4b #if4h #ae c*"1 #fe4c #id4i #fg4d #ie4g #ag c*"1 #ei4i #ia4g #fb4c #ic4b #ai c*"1 #eb4a #ij4g #ee4g #ib4a #ba c*"1 #dj4g #hg4d #dg4e #ia4d #bc c*"1 #cb4c #ic4a #dc4j #ie4h =777777777777777777777777777777= ;&;s"1 egjv;n%a`v3`v7^m" "7#bjbc c* `maeqix,s,o1hr.ul71" #bjbd "7#bjbc c* `maeqix,s,o1hr.ul71 `\`v"! ^ue*" m"oc"< ,]qw *$3 .=jb ix,s%18'.=o;ra 5 .).;ra8'prb,u,t duj5,0 5 uiou^ma b#bj #jc 0,i4 #gc ix,s%1,0z #bjac c* #gb4b0p n,s #bjbc c* #dc4j0p "u >a #cj0pp -----------------------------#ba $ .&s/i4 .oc3 #aj c* lon ,]q #aj e] .m7 #c e]o ix.7o o/.oe3 ,8ix,s ,r7hr`/w leajv0' ,xiu$ csem ,^"[i4 ,]q .);n *d]`%3 .=jb ix,s">78'.=o;ra 5 .).;ra 8'prb,u,t duj5,0 5 uiou^ma ix,s">7,0z #bjac c* #i4b`p3n,s #bjbc c* #c4i`p3["u .t^3 ol7 .&s/i4 ;ra! o1acz ,]q ix,s. `o.gw .=o;ra ix,s">7iu ^&`v #d c* lon ^3$5iys/czin" #bjai c* #aa4h`p3n,s #bjbc c* #e4c`p3["u irdx $5,ujr/i4 o;s"s5 ,[eh[d( ^u`[b ojm ix,s%1`v ix,s">7 euim `[b"7l7qin" h[ajo io.oht er;n"! .nyj3 .=o;ra ix,s%1z #bjac c*n,s #bjbc c* lo #ga4d0p n,s #cb4c0p "u .t^3 ol7 $5,uje: ,o5$aj3 ,8ix,s oh18'ix,sq`m $5,u,00' j*l7o imi["s.:/i4 ,iuj3 ,]q .m7 ;ra! .)j: o1a.o <30cz ^oix,s 8'^oix.,0 q`mw ^o%1z #bjbc c* `o.g["u #bj ir #be4e0p" #cj ir #cb4j0p" #dj ir #eb4a0p" #ej ir #fc4a0p" #fj ir ol7 #hd4c0p "u *"]o e30!,m"x `[b`:ajo .[7$jr/i4 ;u`u"]ljyn .qobj3 l7jv7n,s #fj ir #aj e] .m7 #a e] .]iue3 ;ra! o1acz l7jv7oi4 $1,m"x ix,s%1`v ix,s">7o .&`u c7o ,n`/.?q j*l7o"<`u j.oe3" m"oc"<;s"s5 ;y`z #aj c*$3 o"s0`n,$.o ix,s .od+$ ;m"7o #bjba c* #d4e`p3n,s #bjbc c* #c4i`p3["u $5,uj3 $gin" #bj ircz #h4e`p3n,s #i4j`p3["u .[7$jr/i4 ;ra! o1az ix,s. `o.gw .);n *"]ir d]`%3 ix,s">7z *$3 #i4e`p3n,s #i4a`p3["u $5,u jr/.oe3" %ix #bj ire3 #aj4h`p3 n,s #ab4a`p3["u .[7$jr/`u" ,]q .);n d]`%3 .).;ra ix,s">7o #a4i`p3o.oe3 #bj ircz #f4j`p3["u #b c* .) #d4j`p3^ui #b4j`p3o .[7$j3 ]j>7o ^3]iys/i4 `["o5 #b4 ;y`z #aj c*$3 m"oc"< ,]qw .=jb ix,s%1 eo2 er;n^\ ix,s%1 ;mo8'#bjac`9 #bjbc,0 ,'`["rd[ ,r7">a,'"1 ;y`z #aj c*$3 .=jb ix,s%1 ;mo =gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg= #ac c*"1 #gb4b0p #ae c*"1 #fg4d0p #ag c*"1 #fb4c0p #ai c*"1 #ee4g0p #ba c*"1 #dg4e0p #bc c*"1 #dc4j0p =777777777777777777777777777777= "9 .=jb ix,s%1"1 ;y`z #a c* cr .=o;ra" .).;ra" uiou^ma .m7 #a`p3 ol7 o1az ^o%1 "9 uiou^maz #ai c*^mhs duj5 ,'`["rd[ ,r7">a,'"1 ;y`z #aj c*$3 er;n^\ ix,s%1 ;mo =gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg= er;n"1 #ac c* #ae c* #ag c* #ai c* #ba c* #bc c* """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" .=o;ra"1 #ga4d0p #fe4c0p #ei4i0p #eb4a0p #dj4g0p #cb4c0p .).;ra"1 #ac4i0p #aj4b0p #ad4a0p #af4e0p #ai4j0p #ai4d0p uiou^ma"1 == == == #c4e0p #d4e0p #c4g0p .=o 5 .).;ra"1 #gb4b0p c#ba #jc 0,i4 #gg #fg4d0p #cb4c0p #ee4d0p #ee4g0p #dg4e0p #dc4j0p .=o 5 .).;ra 5 uiou^ma"1 == == == #ee4g0p #dg4e0p #dc4j0p =777777777777777777777777777777= "9 er;n^\ ix,s%1"1 ;y`z #a c* cr jri7 er;n"! h=jr #a`p3 ol7 ix,sj3 ^o%18'/4 .=o 5 .).;ra"1 ;y`z #a c* cr .=o;ra ,iucz .).;ra! #a`p3 ol7 o1az ^o%1,0 "9 uiou^maz #ai c*^mhs duj5 ;&;s"1 egjv;n%a`v3`v7^m" "7#bjbc c* `maeqix,s,o1hr.ul71" #bjbd -----------------------------#bb j3d* "7#bjbc c* ljy.ul71 `\`v"! ^ue*" `maeq ix,s%1z #bjac c*w #fb4d0p n,s #bjba c*n #de4f0p "u .o,x.?["u j"7z #bjac c* #ag4i`p3 n,s #bjbc c* #ad4h`p38'^oix."! duj5j3 .);n d]`%3z #g4b`p3,0["u i,u j"^\ ix,s%1`v ix,s">7z ,u,t! duj5j3 `+>7,s.?8'#ga4b0p" #h4a`p3,0" .oasb,s.?8'#ci4c0p" #e4c`p3,0" ,r7jv1_/;mreo_/.]^u,s.? 8'#bd4a0p" #d4i`p3,0" .b.o"% 8'#ah4b0p" #e4e`p3,0" e3jv_/ emj:b.o"! duj5j3 `oh8'#ba4b0p" #bb4h`p3,0 ^g>n ,i"< d*;<$ f[i4 ;ra! o1az ix,s."! `o.g["u j3 ix,s er;n^\ o+7"%1z .=o;ra #ij4d0p" .).;ra #be4j0p" uiou^ma #e4c0p "u .=o;ra .m7,o5w ix,s jr7i=o :.)j3in" .).;raw `]m *"]ir^\"u #bj ir$ #ce4j0p "u $.7 cu4^\ ix,s `p3,m a#bb #jc 0,i4 #gi ,'`["rd[ ,r7">a,'"1 ix,sq`m eo2 #aqi7 ix,s `p3,m8'#bjac`9 #bjbc,0 =gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg= *iu"1 ix,sq`m8'0p,0 ix,sq`m #aqi7 ix,s `p3,m8'`p3,0 """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" #bjac"1 #fb4d #ag4i #bjae"1 #ef4b #af4e #bjag"1 #ed4i #ag4c #bjai"1 #ej4f #ad4d #bjba"1 #de4f #ae4b #bjbc"1 #dh4e #ad4h =777777777777777777777777777777= ,'`["rd[ ,r7">a,'"1 ^g>^\ ix,s `p3,m8'#bjbc,0 =gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg= `+>7"1 #h4a .oasb8'.oaem,0"1 #e4c ,r7jv1"2;mreo"2.]^u"1 #d4i .b.o"%"1 #e4e `oh8'e3jv i[7,0"1 #bb4h =777777777777777777777777777777= ;&;s"1 h=`/;]" "7#bjbc c* ljy.ul `\`v71 ^uiu."+" #bjbc4aa4jh4 #b4 jry l"/ eo`maw .ul`o`v3 d%"o,s;o,n3hs 8'0,pew ,rese>* ,c5t],0n,s #bjba c*n .ulj3 eo`maqw ix,s,r7jv1 >7l7! ^ue* euiz ix,s er;n"! jbj3 .=jb ix,s%1o #bjaa c* #gh0p" #bjba c* #ge0p "u `v`s #aj c*$3 fz ^*jv$ sb's/i4 #bjba c* `o.g er;n^\ ix,s%1z .=o;ra #fe0p" .).;ra #cj0p" uiou^ma #bc0p "u chc uiou^ma o+7"%1w .[7$ >7l7o h[a.o7.?oi4 .=o;ra`v .).;ra i[7! j5,`n o+7jcz j7":a! .1 c#bb #jc 0,i4 #ha ^u:.gi4 `["s5" eo`ma ljycz s,is0`n ix,s%1! %.oj1 ,m o/s/!,$4 j3`ma`v eo`ma euim ,[eh[d(oc ]l7e& i[7 ier;n jv3`]n ;sjr o/i4 j.oe3 eo`man,scz m"ov i"[`n ,8ljy.? ix,s `p3.70'o $7":aji4 ,r7jv1`p3 $,$on o/cz `=`=iu,s`v3 i!z l7,o.?["u ,8iu,s`v3 efnho70' ! j3i4 -----------------------------#bc eo`ma irjaiu,s`v3i!z j3`ma irjaiu,s`v3^ui #c^r ol7w ."+ `mob^o"! .o;&j3i4 ,s.s5 `=$3o k ,zuck]b]g,0n o"[`o,$.o ljy.? e]li!w ;ra ;m;)o ,irei cs5;:c3i4 "7c%+ah ?an ;e-books or audiobooks .0 ( ,u4,s4 adults :o say !y h .- 9 ! previ\s #ab mon?s ,'`["rd[ ,r7">a,'"1 a#bc #jc 0,i4 #hc =gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg= ,ye>3 ,r1d a book" ,r1d a pr9t book ,r1d an ;e-book ,li/5$ to an audiobook """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" #bjaa3 #gh #gb #ag #aa #bjab3 #gd #ff #bc #ac #bjad3 #gf #fi #bh #ad #bjae3 #gb #fc #bg #ab #bjaf3 #gc #fe #bh #ad #bjah3 #gd #fg #bf #ah #bjai3 #gb #fe #be #bj #bjba3 #ge #fe #cj #bc =777777777777777777777777777777= ,note3 ,^? :o did n give an answ] >e n %[n4 ,s\rce3 ,survey 3duct$ ,jan4 #be-,feb4 #h1 #bjba4 ,,,pew rese>* c5t],'4 0,a ?ird ( ,am]icans say !y r1d bo? pr9t & digital books 9 ! pa/ ye> .0 ( ,u4,s4 adults :o say !y h r1d .- 9 ! previ\s #ab mon?s ,'`["rd[ ,r7">a,'"1 =gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg= ,pr9t books only3 #cb ,bo? pr9t & digital books3 #cc ,digital books only3 #i ,no books3 #bc ,don't "k_/,refus$3 #b =777777777777777777777777777777= ,note3 ,! 8digital books0 category 9cludes bo? ;e-books & audiobooks4 ,s\rce3 ,survey 3duct$ ,jan4 #be-,feb4 #h1 #bjba4 ,,,pew rese>* c5t],'4 0,a ?ird ( ,am]icans say !y r1d bo? pr9t & digital books 9 ! pa/ ye> .0 ( ,u4,s4 adults :o say !y h r1d .- 9 ! previ\s #ab mon?s ,'`["rd[ ,r7">a,'"1 =gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg= ,gr\p3 ,r1d a book" ,r1d a pr9t book ,r1d an ;e-book ,li/5$ to an audiobook """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" ,u4,s4 adults3 #ge #fe #cj c#bc #jc 0,i4 #he #bc ,m53 #gc #fb #bi #bb ,wom53 #gh #fg #ca #be ,:ite3 #gh #fi #ca #be ,black3 #gd #fb #cd #bf ,hispanic3 #fj #dh #ah #ai ,ages #ah-#bi3 #hc #fh #db #cj #cj-#di"1 #gg #fg #cb #bg #ej-#fd"1 #gb #fb #bh #bb #fe"63 #fh #fa #ah #ab ,,hs or less3 #ei #ea #ag #ac ,"s college3 #ha #ff #cf #bh ,college"63 #hh #hj #ci #cb `<`s#cj1jjj3 #fg #ec #bc #bb `s#cj1jjj-`s#di1iii3 #ga #fe #bc #ae `s#ej1jjj-`s#gd1iii3 #gg #fh #cb #bc `s#ge1jjj"63 #he #gd #cf #cc ,urban3 #ha #fg #cc #bh ,suburban3 #gd #fe #bh #bc ,rural3 #fi #fb #bf #af =777777777777777777777777777777= ,note3 ,^? :o gave o!r answ]s or no answ] >e n %[n4 ,:ite & ,black adults 9clude ^? :o report 2+ only "o race & >e n ,hispanic4 ,hispanics >e ( any race4 ,s\rce3 ,survey 3duct$ ,jan4 #be-,feb4 #h1 #bjba4 ,,,pew rese>* c5t],'4 ;&;s"1 0,pew ,rese>* ,c5t]4 -----------------------------#bd ]`maw ix,sgi= `o`v3q cr,:ct "ohs"s,o h["s,[h[8'0,na;nal ,lit]acy ,tru/,0$ #bjbd c*n ^1d+j3 ^u`u,s8'0,*n & "y p's r1d+ 9 #bjbd,0n ,i"[e*" .oc3 #bjje c* ojm 7":a jvair"u qjr >ajviy`u o/cz ;m,n"! ^u:.gi4 ix,sw .o,x$c[7,]! cu4o":e* ,8.!`sm5! mrj3 ix,s0'"! $7jvjr> j5! ,olj3i4 #c4 o1a.o <30cz l"<5o vr .[7$jcz$ `["s0ie* vr j3`maqw ix,s.od+cz `/,x ;m"jcz c[7i=.? ix,s jv1i=^uicz ,[h["n,["! jr,ujcz ,mi=.? er;n o+78']l7"2 u"7`[ajv0' j*l7o er^) .ul ,irei `si[b jvaqiy`u o/i4 ;ra! o1a.o <30cz ^oix.a.a,'"1 ix,s ^qiu =gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg= ero1"1 #a4c o1.mo1n j3im ^)"1 #ae4i j3 i1n j3im ^)"1 #ad4h e:2 i1n j3 ^)"1 #aa4j ix,sj.o <30[5"1 #eg4j =777777777777777777777777777777= ,'`["rd[ ,r7">a,'"1 ix,s .7r+q =gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg= ix,s .7r+q"1 ix,s. ^oix,s. """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" o18'`=^m,0 ,iregn ,o$3o sb's,s"1 #cc4c #ag4h ;ra oyw er;n"! o+7jr,s"1 #bi4j #ai4c ;ra o1acz ,[b`v3o i!.o <30<,s"1 #aj4c #ab4a i"z :$_/;mreo jv1i=! jr,s"1 #aa4g #f4i ,o":ao c,^ `!.$ .1 ^uo.o <30<,s"1 #c4e #ab4h d#bd #jc 0,i4 #ia ;ra o1a`o$ .reo sb's,s"1 #b4e #aj4d ix,sw do1+,]! c[,`o.o eu'jr,s"1 #a4e #f4b =777777777777777777777777777777= ;&;s"1 egjv;n%a`v3`v7^m" "7#bjbc c* `maeqix,s,o1hr.ul71" #bjbd j3`maqw ,r7r ix,s `["rd["! ;s[5["u .n,oj3 "7j5,`n o1acz #bjah ;raw jr ix.`r^1 *`m ^u`u,s - o1acz l"<5" o1a.o <30cz l"<5718'#bjah ;rawjr.u.oa mrp3jy,0 ^u`u,s"! ^ue* ix. %j]^\"u ix,s .7r +qw ;a,'"1 =gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg= o1! jc["< ,o$3o sb's,s"1 #ai4d ix,sjcz ,[b`v3o i!.o <30<,s"1 #ag4d ix,sw do1+,]! c[,`o.o eu'jr,s"1 #af4d ,ojs5 .g^o" `v.n i[7["u ,o$3o sb's,s"1 #h4i es"o"! ,,[cz _so do`(jr,s"1 #h4e ,[eh[d( i[7 io.oht er;n o+7["u ,o$3o sb's,s"1 #f4a ;ra cr+7o .1 ojriy.o <30<,s"1 #d4g ix,s$ .!`sp/i) .?o sb's,s"1 b#be #jc 0,i4 #ic #d4b s,i) ;ra! o1as> j1.o eu1"<,s"1 #d4a ;mreo" ;n%a i[7 :$ jv1i=["u ,o$3o sb's,s"1 #c4h ,o":ao >aj`sc eu5o ^&d*jr,s"1 #c4d %a<"u qjr ,o$3o sb's,s"1 #a4h ;ra! lcz ^o+7o ^mi5,["sp,s"1 #a4d =777777777777777777777777777777= ;&;s"1 o,g]"2<3;<3,m"2 ^rap3`z"2`o5jrq"2^a,qr" "7j5,`n o1acz #bjah ;raw jr ix.`r^1 *`m ^u`u,s - o1acz l"<5" o1a.o <30cz l"<571" #bjah ;rawjr.u.oamrp3jy" #bjah `["o5 #e4 ix,s .7r +q"1 ix. %j]^\ "9 0,base"1 .);n" 0n33#a1bjj" i3mr"1 0p ,'`["rd[ ,r7">a,'"1 =gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg= %j]"1 rix. $3jt.? ix. ^oix. 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